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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 39, 30394-30398, September 29, 2000
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From the The interaction of a synthetic tetrafluorotyrosyl
peptide substrate with the activated tyrosine kinase domain of the
insulin receptor was studied by steady-state kinetics and x-ray
crystallography. The pH-rate profiles indicate that the neutral phenol,
rather than the chemically more reactive phenoxide ion, is required for enzyme-catalyzed phosphorylation. The pKa of the
tetrafluorotyrosyl hydroxyl is elevated 2 pH units on the enzyme
compared with solution, whereas the phenoxide anion species behaves as
a weak competitive inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase. A structure of the
binary enzyme-substrate complex shows the tetrafluorotyrosyl OH group
at hydrogen bonding distances from the side chains of
Asp1132 and Arg1136, consistent with
elevation of the pKa. These findings strongly
support a reaction mechanism favoring a dissociative transition state.
Probing the Catalytic Mechanism of the Insulin Receptor Kinase
with a Tetrafluorotyrosine-containing Peptide Substrate*
§,
,
,
,
**
Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York, New York, 10029 ¶ Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine and Department of
Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New
York 10016, and
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,
Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Baltimore, Maryland
21205
*
This work was supported by Grant DK50074 from the National
Institutes of Health (NIH) (to R. A. K.), Grant DK52916 from NIH (to
S. R. H.), by the Winston Foundation (to K. K.), and by the Burroughs Welcome Fund and NIH Grant CA74305 (to P. A. C.).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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