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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 39, 30504-30511, September 29, 2000
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From the Departments of Bone morphogenetic protein-1 (BMP-1) is a
metalloprotease that plays important roles in regulating the deposition
of fibrous extracellular matrix in vertebrates, including provision of
the procollagen C-proteinase activity that processes the major
fibrillar collagens I-III. Biglycan, a small leucine-rich
proteoglycan, is a nonfibrillar extracellular matrix component with
functions that include the positive regulation of bone formation.
Biglycan is synthesized as a precursor with an
NH2-terminal propeptide that is cleaved to yield the
mature form found in vertebrate tissues. Here, we show that BMP-1
cleaves probiglycan at a single site, removing the propeptide and
producing a biglycan molecule with an NH2 terminus
identical to that of the mature form found in tissues. BMP-1-related
proteases mammalian Tolloid and mammalian Tolloid-like 1 (mTLL-1) are shown to have low but detectable levels of
probiglycan-cleaving activity. Comparison shows that wild type mouse
embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) produce only fully processed biglycan, whereas MEFs derived from embryos homozygous null for the
Bmp1 gene, which encodes both BMP-1 and mammalian Tolloid,
produce predominantly unprocessed probiglycan, and MEFs homozygous null for both the Bmp1 gene and the mTLL-1 gene Tll1
produce only unprocessed probiglycan. Thus, all detectable
probiglycan-processing activity in MEFs is accounted for by the
products of these two genes.
Bone Morphogenetic Protein-1 Processes Probiglycan*
,
,
, and
§**
Pathology and Laboratory
Medicine and § Biomolecular Chemistry University of
Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 and the ¶ Joint Diseases
Laboratory and
Genetics Unit, Shriners Hospital for
Children, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University,
Montreal H3G 1A6, Quebec, Canada
*
This work was supported by National Institutes of Health
Grants AR43621 and GM46846 (to D. S. G.), by a grant from FibroGen Inc. (South San Francisco, CA) (to D. S. G.), and by grants from the
Medical Research Council of Canada (to P. J. R.) and the Shriners of
North America (to P. J. R. and A. D. R.).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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