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J Biol Chem, Vol. 275, Issue 4, 2251-2254, January 28, 2000

ACCELERATED PUBLICATION
Mouse Toll-like Receptor 4·MD-2 Complex Mediates Lipopolysaccharide-mimetic Signal Transduction by Taxol*

Kiyoshi KawasakiDagger , Sachiko Akashi§, Rintaro Shimazu§, Takashi YoshidaDagger , Kensuke Miyake§, and Masahiro NishijimaDagger

From the Dagger  Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, 1-23-1, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan and the § Department of Immunology, Saga Medical School, Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan

Taxol, an antitumor agent derived from a plant, mimics the action of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice but not in humans. Although Taxol is structurally unrelated to LPS, Taxol and LPS are presumed to share a receptor or signaling molecule. The LPS-mimetic activity of Taxol is not observed in LPS-hyporesponsive C3H/HeJ mice, which possess a point mutation in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4); therefore, TLR4 appears to be involved in both Taxol and LPS signaling. In addition, TLR4 was recently shown to physically associate with MD-2, a molecule that confers LPS responsiveness on TLR4. To determine whether TLR4·MD-2 complex mediates a Taxol-induced signal, we constructed transformants of the mouse pro-B cell line, Ba/F3, expressing mouse TLR4 alone, both mouse TLR4 and mouse MD-2, and both mouse MD-2 and mouse TLR4 lacking the cytoplasmic portion, and then examined whether Taxol induced NFkappa B activation in these transfectants. Noticeable NFkappa B activation by Taxol was detected in Ba/F3 expressing mouse TLR4 and mouse MD-2 but not in the other transfectants. Coexpression of human TLR4 and human MD-2 did not confer Taxol responsiveness on Ba/F3 cells, suggesting that the TLR4·MD-2 complex is responsible for the species specificity with respect to Taxol responsiveness. Furthermore, Taxol-induced NFkappa B activation via TLR4·MD-2 was blocked by an LPS antagonist that blocks LPS-induced NFkappa B activation via TLR4·MD-2. These results demonstrated that coexpression of mouse TLR4 and mouse MD-2 is required for Taxol responsiveness and that the TLR4·MD-2 complex is the shared molecule in Taxol and LPS signal transduction in mice.


* This study was supported in part by the Social Insurance Agency Contract Fund of the Japan Health Science Foundation, a grant-in-aid from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture of Japan, Takeda Science Foundation, and Special Coordination Funds for Promoting Science and Technology from the Science and Technology Agency of Japan.The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: +81-3-5285-1111; Fax: +81-3-5285-1157; E-mail: nishim@nih.go.jp.


Copyright © 2000 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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