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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 40, 30787-30793, October 6, 2000

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 275/40/30787    most recent M005531200v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Meijer, H. A. Articles by Thomas, A. A. M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Meijer, H. A. Articles by Thomas, A. A. M. Social Bookmarking                      What's this?

Translational Control of the Xenopus laevis Connexin-41 5'-Untranslated Region by Three Upstream Open Reading Frames^*

Hedda A. Meijer, Wim J. A. G. Dictus, Eelco D. Keuning, and Adri A. M. Thomas

From the Department of Developmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands

The Xenopus laevis Connexin-41 (Cx41) mRNA contains three upstream open reading frames (uORFs) in the 5'-untranslated region (UTR). We analyzed the translation efficiency of constructs containing the Cx41 5'-UTR linked to the green fluorescent protein reporter after injection of transcripts into one-cell stage Xenopus embryos. The translational efficiency of the wild-type Cx41 5'-UTR was only 2% compared with that of the -globin 5'-UTR. Mutation of each of the three uAUGs into AAG codons enhanced translation 82-, 9-, and 4-fold compared with the wild-type Cx41 5'-UTR. Based on these increased translation efficiencies, the percentages of ribosomes that recognized the uAUGs were calculated. Only 0.03% of the ribosomes that entered at the cap structure scanned the entire 5'-UTR and translated the main ORF. The results indicate that all uAUGs are recognized by the majority of the scanning ribosomes and that the three uAUGs strongly modulate translation efficiency in Xenopus laevis embryos. Based on these data, a model of ribosomal flow along the mRNA is postulated. We conclude that the three uORFs may play an important role in the regulation of Cx41 expression.

The nucleotide sequence(s) reported in this paper has been submitted to the GenBank^TM/EMBL Data Bank with accession number(s) AF238222.

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