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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 44, 34197-34204, November 3, 2000
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From the Sealy Center for Molecular Science and Department of Human
Biological Chemistry and Genetics, University of Texas Medical
Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555
O6-Methylguanine-DNA
methyltransferase (MGMT)1, a ubiquitous DNA repair
protein, removes O6-alkylguanine from DNA,
including cytotoxic O6-chloroethylguanine
induced by chemotherapeutic N-alkyl
N-nitrosourea-type drugs, e.g.
1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea. Treating the pancreatic carcinoma
cell line MIA PaCa-2 with trichostatin A (TSA), a specific inhibitor of
histone deacetylase, increased MGMT mRNA and protein levels by
2-3-fold. Surprisingly, TSA treatment increased MGMT
promoter-dependent luciferase activity by some 40-fold in a
transient reporter expression assay. Deletion and point mutation
analysis showed that two AP-1 binding sites in the MGMT promoter are
involved in activation by TSA. Ectopic expression of the
transcriptional coactivators cAMP response element-binding protein-binding protein (CBP) and p300, which have intrinsic histone acetyltransferase activity, enhanced luciferase expression.
Overexpression of adenovirus E1A, which binds CBP/p300, strongly
inhibited both basal and TSA-inducible MGMT promoter activity, while a
mutant E1A, defective in binding CBP/p300, did not. Chromatin
immunoprecipitation assays revealed that TSA treatment increased
histone acetylation in the endogenous MGMT promoter region, which also
showed association with CBP/p300. Taken together, our results indicate
that targeted histone acetylation results in the remodeling of
chromatin by recruitment of the coactivator CBP/p300, and constitutes
an important step in regulating MGMT expression.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Sealy Center for
Molecular Science, University of Texas Medical Branch, 6.136 Medical
Research Bldg., Rt. 1079, Galveston, TX 77555. Tel.: 409-772-1780; Fax:
409-747-8608; E-mail: samitra@utmb.edu.
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