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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 46, 36013-36020, November 17, 2000

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Identification of a Novel gp130-responsive Site in the Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Cytokine Response Element^*

Elizabeth A. Jones, Jill Conover, and Aviva J. Symes

From the Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814

The neuropoietic cytokine ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) potently induces transcription of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gene through a 180-base pair (bp) cytokine response element (CyRE) in the VIP promoter. We have previously shown that CNTF induction of STAT and AP-1 protein binding within the CyRE is necessary to mediate CNTF induction of VIP gene transcription. We now show that a third, previously uncharacterized site at the 3'-end of the CyRE is also critical to CNTF induction of CyRE transcription. A 4-bp mutation in this 3'-region reduced CNTF-mediated induction of transcription ~80%. Whereas mutations in both the STAT and AP-1 sites substantially reduced CNTF induction of transcription, mutations in these sites together with the novel 3'-site completely abolished the ability of CNTF to induce CyRE-mediated transcription. Gel shift analysis indicated that a complex in neuroblastoma cells bound specifically to this 3'-site. This complex was not altered by CNTF treatment. Mutations in an 8-bp sequence (TTACTGGA) eliminated binding of this protein complex and markedly reduced transcriptional activation of the CyRE by CNTF. Thus, we have identified a protein complex binding to a novel DNA sequence that is necessary for full CNTF induction of VIP gene transcription.

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