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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 46, 36116-36123, November 17, 2000

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The Trio Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor Is a RhoA Target
BINDING OF RhoA TO THE TRIO IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE DOMAIN^*

Quintus G. Medley^§, Carles Serra-Pagès^¶, Elizabeth Iannotti, Katja Seipel^§, May Tang, Stephen P. O'Brien, and Michel Streuli^§**

From the  Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and the Departments of ^§ Pathology and ^¶ Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115

Trio is a complex protein containing two guanine nucleotide exchange factor domains each with associated pleckstrin homology domains, a serine/threonine kinase domain, two SH3 domains, an immunoglobulin-like domain, and spectrin-like repeats. Trio was originally identified as a LAR tyrosine phosphatase-binding protein and is involved in actin remodeling, cell migration, and cell growth. Herein we provide evidence that Trio not only activates RhoA but is also a RhoA target. The RhoA-binding site was mapped to the Trio immunoglobulin-like domain. RhoA isoprenylation is necessary for the RhoA-Trio interaction, because mutation of the RhoA carboxyl-terminal cysteine residue blocked binding. The existence of an intramolecular functional link between RhoA activation and RhoA binding is suggested by the finding that Trio exchange activity enhanced RhoA binding to Trio. Furthermore, immunofluorescence studies of HeLa cells showed that although ectopically expressed Trio was evenly distributed within the cell, co-expression of Trio with RhoA resulted in relocalization of Trio into punctate structures. Relocalization was not observed with Trio constructs lacking the immunoglobulin-like domain, indicating that RhoA acts to regulate Trio localization via binding to the immunoglobulin-like domain. We propose that Trio-mediated RhoA activation and subsequent RhoA-mediated relocalization of Trio functions to modulate and coordinate Trio signaling.

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