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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 47, 36568-36574, November 24, 2000
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From the CDP-2,3-di-O-geranylgeranyl-sn-glycerol
synthase (CDP-archaeol synthase) activity was discovered in the
membrane fraction of the methanoarchaeon Methanothermobacter
thermoautotrophicus cells. It catalyzed the formation of
CDP-2,3-di-O-geranylgeranyl-sn-glycerol from
CTP and
2,3-di-O-geranylgeranyl-sn-glycero-1-phosphate
(unsaturated archaetidic acid). The identity of the reaction product
was confirmed by thin layer chromatography, fast atom bombardment-mass
spectroscopy, chemical analysis, and by UV spectroscopy. One mole of
the product was formed from approximately 1 mol of each of the
reactants. The enzyme showed maximal activity at pH 8.5 and 55 °C in
the presence of Mg2+ and K+ ions. By in
vivo pulse labeling of phospholipids with
32Pi, CDP-archaeol was found to be an
intracellular intermediate. A cell-free homogenate of M. thermoautotrophicus, when incubated with L-serine,
converted the product of CDP-archaeol synthase reaction to a product
with the same chromatographic mobility as archaetidylserine. It was
concluded from these results that both CDP-archaeol and CDP-archaeol
synthase were involved in cellular phospholipid biosynthesis. Among
various synthetic substrate analogs, both enantiomers of unsaturated
archaetidic acid possessing geranylgeranyl chains showed similar levels
of activity, while archaetidic acid with saturated or monounsaturated
isoprenoid or straight chains was a poor substrate, despite having the
same stereostructure as the fully active substrate. The ester analogs
with geranylgeranioyl chains showed significant activities. These
results suggest that the enzyme dose not recognize ether or ester bonds
between glycerophosphate and hydrocarbon chains nor the stereostructure
of the glycerophosphate backbone but mainly targets substrates with
geranylgeranyl chains.
CTP:2,3-di-O-geranylgeranyl-sn-glycero-1-phosphate
Cytidyltransferase in the Methanogenic Archaeon
Methanothermobacter thermoautotrophicus*
, Department of Environmental Management,
School of Health Sciences and the § Department of Chemistry,
School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental
Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
*
This work was partly supported by Grant-in aid for
Scientific Research B 11460051 from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture of Japan.The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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