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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M002886200 on September 11, 2000

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 49, 38176-38181, December 8, 2000
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Evidence for the Role of Megalin in Renal Uptake of Transthyretin*

Mónica Mendes Sousaabc, Anthony G. W. Nordend, Christian Jacobsene, Thomas E. Willnowf, Erik Ilsø Christenseng, Raj V. Thakkerh, Pierre J. Verrousti, Søren K. Moestrupe, and Maria Joaõ Saraivaabj

From the a Amyloid Unit, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular and the b Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto 4150, Portugal, the d Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QR, United Kingdom, the Departments of e Medical Biochemistry and g Cell Biology, University of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, the f Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany, the h Molecular Endocrinology Group, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom, and the i INSERM, U489, Hôpital Tenon, F-75020 Paris, France

The kidney is a major organ for uptake of the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4) and its conversion to the active form, triiodothyronine. In the plasma, one of the T4 carriers is transthyretin (TTR). In the present study we observed that TTR, the transporter of both T4 and retinol-binding protein, binds to megalin, the multiligand receptor expressed on the luminal surface of various epithelia including the renal proximal tubules. In the kidney, megalin plays an important role in tubular uptake of macromolecules filtered through the glomerulus. To evaluate the importance of megalin for renal uptake of TTR, we performed binding/uptake assays using immortalized rat yolk sac cells with high expression levels of megalin. Radiolabeled TTR, free as well as in complex with thyroxine or retinol-binding protein, was rapidly taken up by the cells, and the uptake was strongly inhibited by a polyclonal megalin antibody and by the receptor-associated protein, a chaperone-like protein inhibiting ligand binding to megalin. In cell culture, different TTR mutations presented different levels of cell association and degradation, suggesting that the structure of TTR is important for megalin recognition. Both the apo form and the T4-bound form were taken up by the cells. Analysis of urine from patients with Dent's disease, a renal tubular disorder that alters receptor-mediated endocytic reabsorption of proteins, identified TTR as an abundant excreted protein. Furthermore, analysis of kidney sections of megalin-deficient mice revealed no immunohistochemical TTR labeling in intracellular vesicles in the proximal tubule cells when compared with wild type control littermates. Taken together, the present data indicate that TTR represents a novel megalin ligand of importance in the thyroid hormone homeostasis.


* This work was supported by grants from PRAXIS XXI (2/2.1/BIA/459/94) from Portugal (to M. J. S.), the Novo Nordisk Foundation, the Danish Biotechnology Program, and the University of Aarhus (to S. K. M.), and the Sir Jules Thorn Charitable Fund (to A. G. W. N.).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

c  Recipient of a post-doctoral fellowship (PRAXIS XXI/BPD/22027/99) from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Portugal).

j  To whom correspondence should be addressed: Amyloid Unit, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, Porto 4150, Portugal. Tel.: 351-22-6074900; Fax: 351-22-6099157; E-mail: mjsaraiv@ibmc.up.pt.


Copyright © 2000 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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