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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M003270200 on September 7, 2000

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 49, 38319-38328, December 8, 2000
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Effects of Conditional Overexpression of Spermidine/Spermine N1-Acetyltransferase on Polyamine Pool Dynamics, Cell Growth, and Sensitivity to Polyamine Analogs*

Slavoljub VujcicDagger , Maria HalmekytöDagger §, Paula Diegelman, Gregory Gan, Debora L. Kramer, Juhani Jänne§, and Carl W. Porter

From the Grace Cancer Drug Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263

Acetylation of polyamines by spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) has been implicated in their degradation and/or export out of the cell. The relationship of SSAT to polyamine pool dynamics and cell growth is not yet clearly understood. MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells were transfected with tetracycline-regulated (Tet-off) SSAT human cDNA or murine gene. Doxycycline removal for >2 days caused a ~20-fold increase in SSAT RNA and a ~10-fold increase in enzyme activity. After 4 days, intracellular putrescine and spermidine pools were markedly lowered, and cell growth was inhibited. Growth inhibition could not be prevented with exogenous polyamines due to a previously unrecognized ability of SSAT to rapidly acetylate influxing polyamines and thereby prevent restoration of the endogenous pools. Instead, cells accumulated high levels of N1-acetylspermidine, N1-acetylspermine, and N1,N12-diacetylspermine, a metabolite not previously reported in mammalian cells. Doxycycline deprivation before treatment with N1,N11-diethylnorspermine markedly increased analog induction of SSAT mRNA and activity and enhanced growth sensitivity to the analog by ~100-fold. Overall, the findings demonstrate that conditional overexpression of SSAT lowers polyamine pools, inhibits cell growth, and markedly enhances growth sensitivity to certain analogs. The enzyme also plays a remarkably efficient role in maintaining polyamine pool homeostasis during challenges with exogenous polyamines.


* This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health (NCI) Grants CA-76428 (to C. W. P. and J. J.) and CA-22153 (to C. W. P.) and by Roswell Park Cancer Institute Core Grant CA-16056, by the Academy of Finland, by the Human Frontier Science Program, and by Maud Kuistila's Memorial Foundation (to M. H.).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Dagger Shared first authorship.

§ Current address: A. I. Virtanen Institute, University of Kuopio, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland.

To whom correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed: Grace Cancer Drug Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Sts., Buffalo, NY 14263. Tel.: 716-845-3002; Fax: 716-845-8857; E-mail: carl.porter@roswellpark.org.


Copyright © 2000 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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