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J Biol Chem, Vol. 275, Issue 5, 3144-3149, February 4, 2000
From the Departments of CD14 is a glycophosphatidylinositol-linked
protein expressed by myeloid cells and also circulates as a plasma
protein lacking the glycophosphatidylinositol anchor. Both membrane and
soluble CD14 function to enhance activation of cells by
lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which we refer to as receptor function. We
have previously reported the LPS binding and cell activation functions
of a group of five deletion mutants of CD14 (Viriyakosol, S., and
Kirkland, T.N. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 361-368).
We have now studied the functional impact of these mutations on soluble
CD14. We found that some deletions that abrogated LPS binding in
membrane CD14 have no effect on LPS binding in soluble CD14. In fact,
some of the soluble CD14 deletion mutants bound LPS with an apparent
higher affinity than wild-type CD14. Furthermore, we found that all
five deletions essentially ablated soluble CD14 LPS receptor function, whereas only two of the deletions completely destroyed membrane CD14
LPS receptor function. Some of the mutants were able to compete with
wild-type CD14 in soluble CD14-dependent assays of cellular activation. We concluded that the soluble and membrane forms of CD14
have different structural determinants for LPS receptor function.
Structure-Function Analysis of CD14 as a Soluble Receptor for
Lipopolysaccharide*
,¶
Pathology, and
¶ Medicine, University of California San Diego School of
Medicine, the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System,
San Diego, California 92161, and § The Scripps Research
Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
*
This work was supported by the Public Health Service Grant
PO1 GM37696 and by the Medical Research Service of the Department of
Veterans Affairs.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Veterans Affairs
San Diego Healthcare System, Infectious Diseases Section (111F), 3350 La Jolla Village Dr., San Diego, CA 92161. Tel.: (858) 552-7446; Fax:
(858) 552-4398; E-mail: tkirkland@ucsd.edu.
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