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J Biol Chem, Vol. 275, Issue 5, 3667-3674, February 4, 2000
Prolactin-releasing Peptide Activation of the Prolactin Promoter
Is Differentially Mediated by Extracellular Signal-regulated Protein
Kinase and c-Jun N-terminal Protein Kinase*
Akiko
Kimura,
Masahide
Ohmichi ,
Keiichi
Tasaka,
Yuki
Kanda,
Hiromasa
Ikegami,
Jun
Hayakawa,
Koji
Hisamoto,
Ken-ichirou
Morishige,
Shuji
Hinuma§,
Hirohisa
Kurachi, and
Yuji
Murata
From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University
Medical School, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan and
§ Discovery Research Laboratories I, Pharmaceutical
Discovery Research Division, Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd., 10 Wadai,
Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-4293, Japan
Regulation of the mitogen-activated protein
kinase (MAPK) family by prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) in both GH3
rat pituitary tumor cells and primary cultures of rat anterior
pituitary cells was investigated. PrRP rapidly and transiently
activated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) in both
types of cells. Both pertussis toxin, which inactivates
Gi/Go proteins, and exogenous expression
of a peptide derived from the carboxyl terminus of the -adrenergic
receptor kinase I, which specifically blocks signaling mediated by the
 subunits of G proteins, completely blocked the PrRP-induced ERK
activation, suggesting the involvement of Gi/Go
proteins in the PrRP-induced ERK activation. Down-regulation of
cellular protein kinase C did not significantly inhibit the PrRP-induced ERK activation, suggesting that a protein kinase C-independent pathway is mainly involved. PrRP-induced ERK activation was not dependent on either extracellular Ca2+ or
intracellular Ca2+. However, the ERK cascade was not the
only route by which PrRP communicated with the nucleus. JNK was also
shown to be significantly activated in response to PrRP. JNK activation
in response to PrRP was slower than ERK activation. Moreover, to
determine whether a MAPK family cascade regulates rat prolactin (rPRL)
promoter activity, we transfected the intact rPRL promoter ligated to
the firefly luciferase reporter gene into GH3 cells. PrRP activated the
rPRL promoter activity in a time-dependent manner.
Co-transfection with a catalytically inactive form of a MAPK construct
or a dominant negative JNK, partially but significantly inhibited the
induction of the rPRL promoter by PrRP. Furthermore, co-transfection
with a dominant negative Ets completely abolished the response of the rPRL promoter to PrRP. These results suggest that PrRP differentially activates ERK and JNK, and both cascades are necessary to elicit rPRL
promoter activity in an Ets-dependent mechanism.
*
The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom all correspondence and reprint requests should be
addressed: Osaka University Medical School, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka
565-0871, Japan. Fax: 011-81-6-6879-3359; Tel.: 011-81-6-6879-3354; E-mail: masa@gyne.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
Copyright © 2000 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Copyright © 2000 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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