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J Biol Chem, Vol. 275, Issue 5, 3667-3674, February 4, 2000

Prolactin-releasing Peptide Activation of the Prolactin Promoter Is Differentially Mediated by Extracellular Signal-regulated Protein Kinase and c-Jun N-terminal Protein Kinase*

Akiko Kimura, Masahide OhmichiDagger , Keiichi Tasaka, Yuki Kanda, Hiromasa Ikegami, Jun Hayakawa, Koji Hisamoto, Ken-ichirou Morishige, Shuji Hinuma§, Hirohisa Kurachi, and Yuji Murata

From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Medical School, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan and § Discovery Research Laboratories I, Pharmaceutical Discovery Research Division, Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd., 10 Wadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-4293, Japan

Regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family by prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) in both GH3 rat pituitary tumor cells and primary cultures of rat anterior pituitary cells was investigated. PrRP rapidly and transiently activated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) in both types of cells. Both pertussis toxin, which inactivates Gi/Go proteins, and exogenous expression of a peptide derived from the carboxyl terminus of the beta -adrenergic receptor kinase I, which specifically blocks signaling mediated by the beta gamma subunits of G proteins, completely blocked the PrRP-induced ERK activation, suggesting the involvement of Gi/Go proteins in the PrRP-induced ERK activation. Down-regulation of cellular protein kinase C did not significantly inhibit the PrRP-induced ERK activation, suggesting that a protein kinase C-independent pathway is mainly involved. PrRP-induced ERK activation was not dependent on either extracellular Ca2+ or intracellular Ca2+. However, the ERK cascade was not the only route by which PrRP communicated with the nucleus. JNK was also shown to be significantly activated in response to PrRP. JNK activation in response to PrRP was slower than ERK activation. Moreover, to determine whether a MAPK family cascade regulates rat prolactin (rPRL) promoter activity, we transfected the intact rPRL promoter ligated to the firefly luciferase reporter gene into GH3 cells. PrRP activated the rPRL promoter activity in a time-dependent manner. Co-transfection with a catalytically inactive form of a MAPK construct or a dominant negative JNK, partially but significantly inhibited the induction of the rPRL promoter by PrRP. Furthermore, co-transfection with a dominant negative Ets completely abolished the response of the rPRL promoter to PrRP. These results suggest that PrRP differentially activates ERK and JNK, and both cascades are necessary to elicit rPRL promoter activity in an Ets-dependent mechanism.


* The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Dagger To whom all correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed: Osaka University Medical School, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Fax: 011-81-6-6879-3359; Tel.: 011-81-6-6879-3354; E-mail: masa@gyne.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.


Copyright © 2000 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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