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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 51, 39855-39859, December 22, 2000
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,
§
From the Department of Biosciences at Novum, Karolinska Institute,
S-14157 Huddinge, Sweden
We have discovered that the orphan receptor DAX-1
(NROB1) interacts with the estrogen receptors ER
and ER
.
Interaction occurs with ligand-activated ERs in solution and on DNA and
is mediated by the unique DAX-1 N-terminal repeat domain. Each of the
three repeats contains a leucine-rich receptor-binding motif, known as
the LXXLL motif, which is usually found in nuclear receptor coactivators. We have demonstrated that DAX-1 functions as an inhibitor
of ER activation in mammalian cells and suggest a mechanism involving
two sequential events, occupation of the ligand-induced coactivator-binding surface and subsequent recruitment of corepressors. Accordingly, we propose that DAX-1 itself acts as a corepressor for
ERs. Because DAX-1 is coexpressed with ERs in reproductive tissues,
these interactions could play significant roles by influencing estrogen
signaling pathways. Our results point at functional similarities between DAX-1 and the orphan receptor SHP (NROB2) in that they have
acquired features of transcriptional coregulators that are unique for members of the nuclear receptor family.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
§
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Biosciences at
Novum, Karolinska Institute, S-14157 Huddinge, Sweden. Tel.: 46 8 608 9160; Fax: 46 6 774 5538; E-mail: eckardt.treuter@cbt.ki.se.
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