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J Biol Chem, Vol. 275, Issue 6, 4283-4289, February 11, 2000

Tyrosine Dephosphorylation and Deactivation of Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 by Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase 1B
POSSIBLE FACILITATION BY THE FORMATION OF A TERNARY COMPLEX WITH THE GRB2 ADAPTOR PROTEIN*

Barry J. GoldsteinDagger , Anna Bittner-Kowalczyk, Morris F. White, and Mark Harbeck

From the Dorrance H. Hamilton Research Laboratories, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107

Regulation of the steady-state tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and its postreceptor substrates are essential determinants of insulin signal transduction. However, little is known regarding the molecular interactions that influence the balance of these processes, especially the phosphorylation state of postinsulin receptor substrates, such as insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1). The specific activity of four candidate protein-tyrosine phosphatases (protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), SH2 domain-containing PTPase-2 (SHP-2), leukocyte common antigen-related (LAR), and leukocyte antigen-related phosphatase) (LRP) toward IRS-1 dephosphorylation was studied using recombinant proteins in vitro. PTP1B exhibited the highest specific activity (percentage dephosphorylated per µg per min), and the enzyme activities varied over a range of 5.5 × 103. When evaluated as a ratio of activity versus IRS-1 to that versus p-nitrophenyl phosphate, PTP1B remained significantly more active by 3.1-293-fold, respectively. Overlay blots with recombinant Src homology 2 domains of IRS-1 adaptor proteins showed that the loss of IRS-1 binding of Crk, GRB2, SHP-2, and the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase paralleled the rate of overall IRS-1 dephosphorylation. Further studies revealed that the adaptor protein GRB2 strongly promoted the formation of a stable protein complex between tyrosine-phosphorylated IRS-1 and catalytically inactive PTP1B, increasing their co-immunoprecipitation from an equimolar solution by 13.5 ± 3.3-fold (n = 7; p < 0.01). Inclusion of GRB2 in a reaction mixture of IRS-1 and active PTP1B also increased the overall rate of IRS-1 tyrosine dephosphorylation by 2.7-3.9-fold (p < 0.01). These results provide new insight into novel molecular interactions involving PTP1B and GRB2 that may influence the steady-state capacity of IRS-1 to function as a phosphotyrosine scaffold and possibly affect the balance of postreceptor insulin signaling.


* This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant R01-DK43396 (to B. J. G.).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Dagger To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jefferson Medical College, Room 349 Alumni Hall, 1020 Locust St., Philadelphia, PA 19107. Tel.: 215-503-1272; Fax: 215-923-7932; E-mail: Barry.Goldstein@mail.tju.edu.


Copyright © 2000 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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