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J Biol Chem, Vol. 275, Issue 8, 5504-5511, February 25, 2000

Cysteine-rich Protein 2, a Novel Substrate for cGMP Kinase I in Enteric Neurons and Intestinal Smooth Muscle*

Andrea HuberDagger , Winfried L. Neuhuber§, Norbert Klugbauer, Peter Ruth||, and Hans-Dieter AllescherDagger

From the Dagger  II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Technische Universität München, D-81675 München, Germany, the § Institut für Anatomie, Universität Erlangen, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany, and the  Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Technische Universität München, D-80802 München, Germany

Nitric oxide/cGMP/cGMP kinase I (cGKI) signaling causes relaxation of intestinal smooth muscle. In the gastrointestinal tract substrates of cGKI have not been identified yet. In the present study a protein interacting with cGKIbeta has been isolated from a rat intestinal cDNA library using the yeast two-hybrid system. The protein was identified as cysteine-rich protein 2 (CRP2), recently cloned from rat brain (Okano, I., Yamamoto, T., Kaji, A., Kimura, T., Mizuno, K., and Nakamura, T. (1993) FEBS Lett. 333, 51-55). Recombinant CRP2 is specifically phosphorylated by cGKs but not by cAMP kinase in vitro. Co-transfection of CRP2 and cGKIbeta into COS cells confirmed the phosphorylation of CRP2 in vivo. Cyclic GMP kinase I phosphorylated CRP2 at Ser-104, because the mutation to Ala completely prevented the in vivo phosphorylation. Immunohistochemical analysis using confocal laser scan microscopy showed a co-localization of CRP2 and cGKI in the inner part of the circular muscle layer, in the muscularis mucosae, and in specific neurons of the myenteric and submucosal plexus. The co-localization together with the specific phosphorylation of CRP2 by cGKI in vitro and in vivo suggests that CRP2 is a novel substrate of cGKI in neurons and smooth muscle of the small intestine.


* This work was supported by Grant SFB 391 from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (to H. D. A. and P. R.) and Kommission für Klinische Forschung Grant TU Munich F71-98 (to H. D. A.).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

|| To whom correspondence should be addressed: Inst. für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Biedersteinerstr. 29, D-80802 München, Germany. Tel.: 49-89-4140-3265; Fax: 49-89-4140-3261; E-mail: ruth@ipt.med.tu-muenchen.de.


Copyright © 2000 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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