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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 16, 13248-13255, April 20, 2001
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From the Meprin A and B are highly regulated, secreted,
and cell-surface metalloendopeptidases that are abundantly expressed in
the kidney and intestine. Meprin oligomers consist of evolutionarily related
Marked Differences between Metalloproteases Meprin A and B in
Substrate and Peptide Bond Specificity*
,
,
,
,
,
**
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine,
Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, the § Department of Medicine,
Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center,
Boston, Massachusetts 02215, the ¶ Department of Cell Biology,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, and the
Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Manchester
Institute of Science and Technology, Manchester M60 1QD, United
Kingdom
and/or
subunits. The work herein was carried out to identify bioactive peptides and proteins that are susceptible to
hydrolysis by mouse meprins and kinetically characterize the hydrolysis. Gastrin-releasing peptide fragment 14-27 and gastrin 17, regulatory molecules of the gastrointestinal tract, were found to be
the best peptide substrates for meprin A and B, respectively. Peptide
libraries and a variety of naturally occurring peptides revealed that
the meprin
subunit has a clear preference for acidic amino acids in
the P1 and P1' sites of substrates. The meprin
subunit selected for
small (e.g. serine, alanine) or hydrophobic
(e.g. phenylalanine) residues in the P1 and P1' sites, and
proline was the most preferred amino acid at the P2' position. Thus,
although the meprin
and
subunits share 55% amino acid identity
within the protease domain and are normally localized at the same
tissue cell surfaces, they have very different substrate and peptide
bond specificities indicating different functions. Homology models of
the mouse meprin
and
protease domains, based on the astacin
crystal structure, revealed active site differences that can account
for the marked differences in substrate specificity of the two subunits.
*
This work was supported by the American Heart Association
Predoctoral Fellowship 9910075U (to G. P. B.), by Department
of Defense Grant DAMD17-98-1-8143 (to G. L. M.), and by National Institutes of Health Grants DK19691 and DK54625 (to J. S. B.).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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