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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 18, 14867-14874, May 4, 2001
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From the Departments of Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are
products of cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase that possess important
vasodilating and anti-inflammatory properties. EETs are converted to
the corresponding dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (DHET) by soluble
epoxide hydrolase (sEH) in mammalian tissues, and inhibition of sEH has
been proposed as a novel approach for the treatment of hypertension. We
observed that sEH is present in porcine coronary endothelial cells
(PCEC), and we found that low concentrations of
N,N'-dicyclohexylurea (DCU), a selective sEH inhibitor,
have profound effects on EET metabolism in PCEC cultures. Treatment
with 3 µM DCU reduced cellular conversion of 14,15-EET to
14,15-DHET by 3-fold after 4 h of incubation, with a concomitant
increase in the formation of the novel
Pathways of Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid Metabolism in
Endothelial Cells
IMPLICATIONS FOR THE VASCULAR EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE EPOXIDE
HYDROLASE INHIBITION*
,
,
,
,
,
, and
§
Biochemistry,
§ Internal Medicine, and ¶ Molecular Analysis Facility,
College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 and
the
Department of Entomology and Cancer Research Center,
University of California, Davis, California 95616
-oxidation products
10,11-epoxy-16:2 and 8,9-epoxy-14:1. DCU also markedly enhanced the
incorporation of 14,15-EET and its metabolites into PCEC lipids. The
most abundant product in DCU-treated cells was 16,17-epoxy-22:3, the
elongation product of 14,15-EET. Another novel metabolite,
14,15-epoxy-20:2, was present in DCU-treated cells. DCU also caused a
4-fold increase in release of 14,15-EET when the cells were stimulated
with a calcium ionophore. Furthermore, DCU decreased the conversion of
[3H]11,12-EET to 11,12-DHET, increased 11,12-EET
retention in PCEC lipids, and produced an accumulation of the partial
-oxidation product 7,8-epoxy-16:2 in the medium. These findings
suggest that in addition to being metabolized by sEH, EETs are
substrates for
-oxidation and chain elongation in endothelial cells
and that there is considerable interaction among the three pathways.
The modulation of EET metabolism by DCU provides novel insight into the
mechanisms by which pharmacological or molecular inhibition of sEH
effectively treats hypertension.
*
This study was supported by National Institutes of Health
Program Project Grants HL49264 and HL62984 (to A. A. S. and
N. L. W.), by an American Heart Association Heartland Affiliate
Beginning Grant-in-aid 0060413Z (to X. F.), by an American Heart
Association Clinician-Scientist Award 96004540 (to N. L. W.), by
NIEHS Grant R01 ES02710, the NIEHS Superfund Basic Research Program P42
ES04699, and NIEHS Center P30 ES05707 (to B. D. H.) from the National
Institutes of Health, and by National Institutes of Health Training
Grant HL07013 (to D. A. T.).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.

To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of
Biochemistry, 4-403 BSB, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242. Tel.: 319-335-7913; Fax: 319-335-9570; E-mail:
arthur-spector@uiowa.edu.
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