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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M011476200 on February 5, 2001

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 18, 14875-14883, May 4, 2001
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The Heme-regulated Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2alpha Kinase
A POTENTIAL REGULATORY TARGET FOR CONTROL OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS BY DIFFUSIBLE GASES*

Sheri Uma, Bo-Geon Yun, and Robert L. MattsDagger

From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078

Nitric oxide (NO) has been reported to inhibit protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells by increasing the phosphorylation of the alpha -subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 2. However, the mechanism through which this increase occurs has not been characterized. In this report, we examined the effect of the diffusible gases nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) on the activation of the heme-regulated eIF2alpha kinase (HRI) in rabbit reticulocyte lysate. Spectral analysis indicated that both NO and CO bind to the N-terminal heme-binding domain of HRI. Although NO was a very potent activator of HRI, CO markedly suppressed NO-induced HRI activation. The NO-induced activation of HRI was transduced through the interaction of NO with the N-terminal heme-binding domain of HRI and not through S-nitrosylation of HRI. We postulate that the regulation of HRI activity by diffusible gases may be of wider physiological significance, as we further demonstrate that NO generators increase eIF2alpha phosphorylation levels in NT2 neuroepithelial and C2C12 myoblast cells and activate HRI immunoadsorbed from extracts of these non-erythroid cell lines.

* This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health NIEHS Grant ES-04299 and by Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station Project 1975.The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Dagger To whom correspondence should be addressed: 246 NRC, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078-3035. Tel.: 405-744-6200; Fax: 405-744-7799; E-mail: rmatts@biochem.okstate.edu.

Copyright © 2001 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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