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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 18, 15269-15274, May 4, 2001
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From the ATP synthase
(F0F1) transforms an electrochemical
proton gradient into chemical energy (ATP) through the rotation of a
subunit assembly. It has been suggested that a complex of the
Rotation of a Complex of the
Subunit and c Ring
of Escherichia coli ATP Synthase
THE ROTOR AND STATOR ARE INTERCHANGEABLE*
,
,
,
,
, and
¶
Division of Biological Sciences, Institute
of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University,
Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan and the § Department of Life
Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo,
Komaba, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
subunit and c ring (c10-14) of
F0F1 could rotate together during ATP
hydrolysis and synthesis (Sambongi, Y., Iko, Y., Tanabe, M., Omote, H., Iwamoto-Kihara, A., Ueda, I., Yanagida, T., Wada, Y., and
Futai, M. (1999) Science 286, 1722-1724). We observed that the rotation of the c ring with the cI28T
mutation (c subunit cIle-28 replaced by Thr)
was less sensitive to venturicidin than that of the wild type,
consistent with the antibiotic effect on the cI28T mutant
and wild-type ATPase activities (Fillingame, R. H., Oldenburg, M.,
and Fraga, D. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 20934-20939). Furthermore, we engineered F0F1
to see the
3
3 hexamer rotation; a biotin
tag was introduced into the
or
subunit, and a His tag was
introduced into the c subunit. The engineered enzymes could
be purified by metal affinity chromatography and density gradient
centrifugation. They were immobilized on a glass surface through the
c subunit, and an actin filament was connected to the
or
subunit. The filament rotated upon the addition of ATP and
generated essentially the same frictional torque as one connected to
the c ring. These results indicate that the

c10-14 complex is a mechanical unit of
the enzyme and that it can be used as a rotor or a stator
experimentally, depending on the subunit immobilized.
*
This work was supported in part by the Japanese Ministry of
Education, Science, and Culture.The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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