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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 19, 15728-15735, May 11, 2001
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From the We recently reported that amino acid residues
contained within a putative EF hand motif in the domain III S5-H5
region of the
Residue Gly1326 of the N-type Calcium Channel
1B Subunit Controls Reversibility of
-Conotoxin GVIA
and MVIIA Block*
§¶
,
¶,
§,
, and
§§
Departments of Physiology & Biophysics and
Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Neuroscience Research Group, University of
Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada, § NeuroMed
Technologies Inc., Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada, and the ** Biotechnology
Laboratory, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
V6T 1Z3, Canada
1B subunit affected the relative
barium:calcium permeability of N-type calcium channels (Feng, Z. P., Hamid, J., Doering, C., Jarvis, S. E., Bosey, G. M.,
Bourinet, E., Snutch, T. P., and Zamponi, G. W. (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 5726-5730). Since this region
partially overlaps with residues previously implicated in block of the
channel by
-conotoxin GVIA, we assessed the effects of mutations in
the putative EF hand domain on channel block by
-conotoxin GVIA and
the structurally related
-conotoxin MVIIA. Both of the toxins
irreversibly block the activity of wild type
1B N-type
channels. We find that in addition to previously identified amino acid
residues, residues in positions 1326 and 1332 are important determinants of
-conotoxin GVIA blockade. Substitution of residue Glu1332 to arginine slows the time course of
development of block. Point mutations in position Gly1326
to either arginine, glutamic acid, or proline dramatically decrease the
time constant for development of the block. Additionally, in the
G1326P mutant channel activity was almost completely recovered following washout. A qualitatively similar result was obtained with
-conotoxin MVIIA, suggesting that common molecular determinants underlie block by these two toxins. Taken together the data suggest that residue Gly1326 may form a barrier, which controls the
access of peptide toxins to their blocking site within the outer
vestibule of the channel pore and also stabilizes the toxin-channel interaction.
*
This work was supported by operating grants (to G. W. Z.) from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and
the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Alberta and the Northwest
Territories and through a Scholarship Award (to G. W. Z.)
from the EJLB Foundation.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
Recipient of a postdoctoral fellowship from the Natural
Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada.

Holds CIHR operating funds and a Senior Scientist award from
the CIHR.
§§
Holds Faculty Scholarships from the Alberta Heritage Foundation
for Medical Research (AHFMR) and the CIHR and is the Novartis Investigator in Schizophrenia Research. To whom correspondence should
be addressed: Dept. of Physiology and Biophysics, University of
Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada. Tel.:
403-220-8687; Fax: 403-210-8106; E-mail:
zamponi@ucalgary.ca.
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