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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M100439200 on February 22, 2001

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 19, 15983-15989, May 11, 2001
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Activation of Galpha s Mediates Induction of Tissue-type Plasminogen Activator Gene Transcription by Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids*

Koichi NodeDagger , Xiu-Lu Ruan, Jianwu Dai, Shui-Xiang Yang, LeRae Graham§, Darryl C. Zeldin§, and James K. Liao

From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, the Dagger  Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and the § Laboratory of Pulmonary Pathobiology, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709

The epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are products of cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenases that have vasodilatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Here we report that EETs have additional fibrinolytic properties. In vascular endothelial cells, physiological concentrations of EETs, particularly 11,12-EET, or overexpression of the endothelial epoxygenase, CYP2J2, increased tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) expression by 2.5-fold without affecting plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression. This increase in t-PA expression correlated with a 4-fold induction in t-PA gene transcription and a 3-fold increase in t-PA fibrinolytic activity and was blocked by the CYP inhibitor, SKF525A, but not by the calcium-activated potassium channel blocker, charybdotoxin, indicating a mechanism that does not involve endothelial cell hyperpolarization. The t-PA promoter is cAMP-responsive, and induction of t-PA gene transcription by EETs correlated with increases in intracellular cAMP levels and, functionally, with cAMP-driven promoter activity. To determine whether increases in intracellular cAMP levels were due to modulation of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, we assessed the effects of EETs on Galpha s and Galpha i2. Treatment with EETs increased Galpha s, but not Galpha i2, GTP-binding activity by 3.5-fold. These findings indicate that EETs possess fibrinolytic properties through the induction of t-PA and suggest that endothelial CYP2J2 may play an important role in regulating vascular hemostasis.


* Supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grants HL-52233 and HL-48743 and the NIEHS (NIH) Division of Intramural Research.The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

An Established Investigator of the American Heart Association. To whom correspondence should be addressed: Cardiovascular Division, Brigham & Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Ave., LMRC-322, Boston, MA 02115. Tel.: 617-732-6538; Fax: 617-264-6336; E-mail: jliao@rics.bwh.harvard.edu.


Copyright © 2001 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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