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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 19, 15990-15995, May 11, 2001
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From the Topoisomerase II (TOP2) poisons interfere with
the breakage/reunion reaction of TOP2 resulting in DNA cleavage. In the
current studies, we show that two different classes (ATP-sensitive and -insensitive) of TOP2 poisons can be identified based on their differential sensitivity to the ATP-bound conformation of TOP2. First,
in the presence of 1 mM ATP or the nonhydrolyzable
analog adenosine 5'-(
ATP-bound Topoisomerase II as a Target for Antitumor Drugs*
,
,
,
¶
Department of Pharmacology, University of
Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey/Robert Wood Johnson Medical
School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 and the § Department of
Biochemistry, Duke University Medical School, Durham, North Carolina
27710
,
-imino)triphosphate, TOP2-mediated
DNA cleavage induced by ATP-sensitive TOP2 poisons (e.g.
doxorubicin, etoposide, mitoxantrone, and
4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide) was
30-100-fold stimulated, whereas DNA cleavage induced by
ATP-insensitive TOP2 poisons (e.g. amonafide, batracylin,
and menadione) was only slightly (less than 3-fold) affected. In
addition, ADP was shown to strongly antagonize TOP2-mediated DNA
cleavage induced by ATP-sensitive but not ATP-insensitive TOP2 poisons.
Second, C427A mutant human TOP2
, which exhibits reduced ATPase
activity, was shown to exhibit cross-resistance to all ATP-sensitive
but not ATP-insensitive TOP2 poisons. Third, using ciprofloxacin
competition assay, TOP2-mediated DNA cleavage induced by ATP-sensitive
but not ATP-insensitive poisons was shown to be antagonized by
ciprofloxacin. These results suggest that ATP-bound TOP2 may be the
specific target of ATP-sensitive TOP2 poisons. Using Lac
repressor-operator complexes as roadblocks, we show that ATP-bound TOP2
acts as a circular clamp capable of entering DNA ends and sliding on
unobstructed duplex DNA.
*
This work was supported by National Institutes of Health
Grants GM27731 and CA39662 (to L. F. L.) and GM29006 (to T. S. H.).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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