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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 2, 1084-1088, January 12, 2001
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From the Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique et de la Nutrition,
Faculté de Médecine, Université Libre de
Bruxelles, 808 route de Lennik, Building G/E, CP 611, B-1070
Brussels, Belgium
We mutated the vasoactive intestinal peptide
(VIP) Asp3 residue and two VPAC1
receptor second transmembrane helix basic residues (Arg188
and Lys195). VIP had a lower affinity for R188Q,
R188L, K195Q, and K195I VPAC1 receptors than for
VPAC1 receptors. [Asn3] VIP and
[Gln3] VIP had lower affinities than VIP for
VPAC1 receptors but higher affinities for the mutant
receptors; the two basic amino acids facilitated the introduction of
the negatively charged aspartate inside the transmembrane domain. The
resulting interaction was necessary for receptor activation.
1/[Asn3] VIP and [Gln3] VIP were partial
agonists at VPAC1 receptors; 2/VIP did not fully activate
the K195Q, K195I, R188Q, and R188L VPAC1 receptors; a VIP
analogue ([Arg16] VIP) was more efficient than VIP at the
four mutated receptors; and [Asn3] VIP and
[Gln3] VIP were more efficient than VIP at the R188Q and
R188L VPAC1 receptors; 3/the [Asp3] negative
charge did not contribute to the recognition of the VIP1
antagonist,
[AcHis1,D-Phe2,Lys15,Arg16,Leu27]
VIP (1-7)/growth hormone releasing factor (8-27). This is the first demonstration that, to activate the VPAC1 receptor,
the Asp3 side chain of VIP must penetrate
within the transmembrane domain, in close proximity to two highly
conserved basic amino acids from transmembrane 2.
Two Basic Residues of the h-VPAC1 Receptor Second
Transmembrane Helix Are Essential for Ligand Binding and Signal
Transduction*
,
*
Supported by Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique
Médicale Grant 3.4507.98, by an "Action de Recherche
Concertée" from the Communauté Française de
Belgique, by an "Interuniversity Poles of Attraction Program-Belgian
State, Prime Minister's Office, Federal Office for Scientific,
Technical and Cultural Affairs" and by a grant from the European
Community (PACAP and VIP Euronetwork project).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
Recipient of a post-doctoral fellowship from the F.R.S.M. (Belgium).
§
Recipient of a Marie Curie training grant from the European
Commission. Present address: Dpt. Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Medicine, Universitad de Alcalà, Ctra Madrid
Barcelona, Km: 33,600, 28871 Madrid, Espana.
¶
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 32 2 555 62 11; Fax: 32 2 555 62 30; E-mail: mawaelbr@ulb.ac.be.
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