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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M007528200 on October 6, 2000

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 2, 1424-1433, January 12, 2001
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Rh Type B Glycoprotein Is a New Member of the Rh Superfamily and a Putative Ammonia Transporter in Mammals*

Zhi LiuDagger , Jianbin PengDagger , Rong Mo§, Chi-chung Hui§, and Cheng-Han HuangDagger

From the Dagger  Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, New York 10021 and the § Program in Developmental Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children and Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada

Ammonium transporters play a key functional role in nitrogen uptake and assimilation in microorganisms and plants; however, little is known about their structural counterpart in mammals. Here, we report the molecular cloning and biochemical characterization of Rh type B glycoproteins, human RhBG and mouse Rhbg, two new members of the Rh family with distinct tissue specificities. The RhBG orthologues possess a conserved 12-transmembrane topology and most resemble bacterial and archaeal ammonium transporters. Human RHBG resides at chromosome 1q21.3, which harbors candidate genes for medullary cystic kidney disease, whereas mouse Rhbg is syntenic on chromosome 3. Northern blot and in situ hybridization revealed that RHBG and Rhbg are predominantly expressed in liver, kidney, and skin, the specialized organs involving ammonia genesis, excretion, or secretion. Confocal microscopy showed that RhBG is located in the plasma membrane and in some intracellular granules. Western blots of membrane proteins from stable HEK293 cells and from mouse kidney and liver confirmed this distribution. N-Glycanase digestion showed that RhBG/Rhbg has a carbohydrate moiety probably attached at the NHS motif on exoloop 1. Phylogenetic clustering, tissue-specific expression, and plasma membrane location suggest that RhBG homologous proteins are the long sought major ammonium transporters in mammalians.


* This work was supported by Institutional Fund D33210101 of the New York Blood Center and in part by National Institutes of Health Grant HL54459 (to C.-H.H).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

The nucleotide sequence(s) reported in this paper has been submitted to the GenBankTM/EMBL Data Bank with accession number(s) AF193807 and AF193808.

To whom correspondence should be addressed: Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Ctr., 310 East 67th St., New York, NY 10021. Tel.: 212-570-3388; Fax: 212-570-3251; E-mail: chuang@nybc.org.


Copyright © 2001 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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