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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 2, 1424-1433, January 12, 2001
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From the Ammonium transporters play a key functional role
in nitrogen uptake and assimilation in microorganisms and plants;
however, little is known about their structural counterpart in mammals. Here, we report the molecular cloning and biochemical characterization of Rh type B glycoproteins, human RhBG and
mouse Rhbg, two new members of the Rh family with distinct tissue
specificities. The RhBG orthologues possess a conserved
12-transmembrane topology and most resemble bacterial and archaeal
ammonium transporters. Human RHBG resides at chromosome
1q21.3, which harbors candidate genes for medullary cystic kidney
disease, whereas mouse Rhbg is syntenic on chromosome 3. Northern blot and in situ hybridization revealed that
RHBG and Rhbg are predominantly expressed in
liver, kidney, and skin, the specialized organs involving ammonia
genesis, excretion, or secretion. Confocal microscopy showed
that RhBG is located in the plasma membrane and in some intracellular
granules. Western blots of membrane proteins from stable HEK293 cells
and from mouse kidney and liver confirmed this distribution.
N-Glycanase digestion showed that RhBG/Rhbg has a
carbohydrate moiety probably attached at the NHS motif on exoloop 1. Phylogenetic clustering, tissue-specific expression, and plasma
membrane location suggest that RhBG homologous proteins are the long
sought major ammonium transporters in mammalians.
The nucleotide sequence(s) reported in this paper has been submitted to the GenBankTM/EMBL Data Bank with accession number(s) AF193807 and AF193808.
Rh Type B Glycoprotein Is a New Member of the Rh Superfamily and
a Putative Ammonia Transporter in Mammals*
,
,
¶
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics,
Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New
York, New York 10021 and the § Program in Developmental Biology, the
Hospital for Sick Children and Department of Molecular and Medical
Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
*
This work was supported by Institutional Fund D33210101 of
the New York Blood Center and in part by National Institutes of Health
Grant HL54459 (to C.-H.H).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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