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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 20, 17301-17306, May 18, 2001
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From the University of California, Irvine Institute for Brain Aging
and Dementia, Irvine, California 92697-4540
Cognitive impairment is a major feature of
Alzheimer's disease and is accompanied by
-Amyloid-(1-42) Impairs
Activity-dependent cAMP-response Element-binding Protein
Signaling in Neurons at Concentrations in Which Cell Survival Is Not
Compromised*
,
-amyloid (A
)
deposition. Transgenic animal models that overexpress A
exhibit
learning and memory impairments, but neuronal degeneration is not a
consistent characteristic. We report that levels of
A
-(1-42), which do not compromise the survival of cortical
neurons, may indeed interfere with functions critical for neuronal
plasticity. Pretreatment with A
-(1-42), at sublethal
concentrations, resulted in a suppression of cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation, induced by exposure to
either 30 mM KCl or 10 µM
N-methyl-D-aspartate. The effects of
A
-(1-42) seem to involve mechanisms unrelated to degenerative changes, since A
-(25-35), a toxic fragment of A
, at sublethal concentrations did not interfere with activity-dependent
CREB phosphorylation. Furthermore, caspase inhibitors failed to
counteract the A
-(1-42)-evoked suppression of CREB activation.
A
-(1-42) also interfered with events downstream of activated CREB.
The A
-(1-42) treatment suppressed the activation of the cAMP
response element-containing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)
exon III promoter and the expression of BDNF exon IIII mRNA induced by neuronal depolarization. In view of the critical role of CREB and
BDNF in neuronal plasticity, including learning and memory, the
observations indicate a novel pathway through which A
may interfere
with neuronal functions and contribute to cognitive deficit in
Alzheimer's disease before the stage of massive neuronal degeneration.
*
This work was supported by National Institutes of Health
Grant RO1-NS-40953.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Institute for Brain
Aging and Dementia, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4540. Tel.: 949-824-6071; Fax: 949-824-2071; E-mail: tongl@uci.edu.
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