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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 21, 17887-17894, May 25, 2001
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From the As we have shown previously, release of measles
virus (MV) from polarized epithelial cells is not determined by the
viral envelope proteins H and F. Although virus budding is
restricted to the apical surfaces, both proteins were abundantly
expressed on the basolateral surface of Madin-Darby canine
kidney cells. In this report, we provide evidence that the
basolateral expression of the viral proteins is of biological
importance for the MV infection of polarized epithelial cells. We
demonstrate that both MV glycoproteins possess a basolateral targeting
signal that is dependent upon the unique tyrosine in the cytoplasmic
tails. These tyrosines are shown to be also part of an endocytosis
signal. In MV-infected cells, internalization of the glycoproteins was
not observed, indicating that recognition of the endocytosis signals is
disturbed by viral factors. In contrast, basolateral transport was not
substantially hindered, resulting in efficient cell-to-cell fusion of
polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Thus, recognition of the
signals for endocytosis and polarized transport is differently
regulated in infected cells. Mutation of the basolateral sorting signal in one of the MV glycoproteins prevented fusion of polarized cells. These results suggest that basolateral expression of the MV
glycoproteins favors virus spread in epithelia.
A Single Amino Acid Change in the Cytoplasmic Domains of Measles
Virus Glycoproteins H and F Alters Targeting, Endocytosis, and Cell
Fusion in Polarized Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Cells*
,
,
¶
Institut für Virologie,
Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35037 Marburg, Germany and the
§ Institut für Virologie, Tierärztliche
Hochschule Hannover, D-30559 Hannover, Germany
*
This work was supported by a grant from the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (to A. M.).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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