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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 21, 17920-17931, May 25, 2001
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From the Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting
cells that play a major role in initiating primary immune responses. We
have utilized two independent approaches, DNA microarrays and
proteomics, to analyze the expression profile of human
CD14+ blood monocytes and their derived DCs. Analysis
of gene expression changes at the RNA level using oligonucleotide
microarrays complementary to 6300 human genes showed that ~40% of
the genes were expressed in DCs. A total of 255 genes (4%) were found
to be regulated during DC differentiation or maturation. Most of these
genes were not previously associated with DCs and included genes
encoding secreted proteins as well as genes involved in cell adhesion,
signaling, and lipid metabolism. Protein analysis of the same cell
populations was done using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. A total
of 900 distinct protein spots were included, and 4% of them exhibited quantitative changes during DC differentiation and maturation. Differentially expressed proteins were identified by mass spectrometry and found to represent proteins with Ca2+ binding, fatty
acid binding, or chaperone activities as well as proteins involved in
cell motility. In addition, proteomic analysis provided an assessment
of post-translational modifications. The chaperone protein,
calreticulin, was found to undergo cleavage, yielding a novel form. The
combined oligonucleotide microarray and proteomic approaches have
uncovered novel genes associated with DC differentiation and maturation
and has allowed analysis of post-translational modifications of
specific proteins as part of these processes.
Profiling Changes in Gene Expression during Differentiation and
Maturation of Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells Using Both
Oligonucleotide Microarrays and Proteomics*
,
,
Department of Microbiology and Immunology,
the ¶ Department of Pediatrics, and the § Department of
Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0666
*
The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of
Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
48109-0666. Tel.: 734-615-5964; Fax: 734-615-6150; E-mail:
berettal@umich.edu.
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