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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 23, 20085-20092, June 8, 2001
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From the Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced
Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon 305-701, South Korea
Selenium, an essential biological trace element,
has been shown to reduce and prevent the incidence of cancer. Our
previous studies have shown that selenite is involved in the
chemoprevention of cancer and induction of apoptosis of cancer cells.
In this study, we demonstrate that selenite also inhibits the invasion of tumor cells. Cancer cell invasion requires coordinated processes, such as changes in cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion, degradation of
the extracellular matrix, and cell migration. We found that selenite
inhibited invasion of HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells. Adhesion of
HT1080 cells to the collagen matrix was also inhibited by treatment
with selenite, but cell-cell interaction and cell motility were not
affected by selenite. Moreover, selenite reduced expression of matrix
metalloproteinase-2 and -9 and urokinase-type plasminogen activator,
which are involved in matrix degradation, but increased a tissue
inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1. This inhibitory effect of selenite on
the protease expressions was mediated by the suppression of
transcription factors, NF-
B and AP-1. However, selenate showed no
remarkable effect on all the steps of cancer cell invasion.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Biological
Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon
305-701, Korea. Tel.: 82-42-869-2625; Fax: 82-42-869-2610; E-mail:
aschung@mail.kaist.ac.kr.
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