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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 24, 20809-20812, June 15, 2001
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From the Elevated tumor cyclooxygenase (COX-2) expression
is associated with increased angiogenesis, tumor invasion, and
suppression of host immunity. We have previously shown that genetic
inhibition of tumor COX-2 expression reverses the immunosuppression
induced by non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To assess the impact of COX-2 expression in lung cancer invasiveness, NSCLC cell lines were
transduced with a retroviral vector expressing the human COX-2 cDNA
in the sense (COX-2-S) and antisense (COX-2-AS) orientations. COX-2-S
clones expressed significantly more COX-2 protein, produced 10-fold
more prostaglandin E2, and demonstrated an
enhanced invasive capacity compared with control vector-transduced or
parental cells. CD44, the cell surface receptor for hyaluronate, was
overexpressed in COX-2-S cells, and specific blockade of CD44
significantly decreased tumor cell invasion. In contrast, COX-2-AS
clones had a very limited capacity for invasion and showed diminished
expression of CD44. These findings suggest that a COX-2-mediated,
CD44-dependent pathway is operative in NSCLC invasion.
Because tumor COX-2 expression appears to have a multifaceted role in
conferring the malignant phenotype, COX-2 may be an important target
for gene or pharmacologic therapy in NSCLC.
Lung Cancer Research Program of the UCLA Jonsson
Comprehensive Cancer Center and the
Division of Pulmonary
and Critical Care Medicine, Departments of Medicine and
§ Radiation Oncology, UCLA, School of Medicine, and the
¶ Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los
Angeles California 90095-1690
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