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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 26, 23572-23580, June 29, 2001
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From the a Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Section
of Virology and Cell Biology, Imperial College School of Medicine at St
Mary's, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom, the b CRC
Labs and Section of Cancer Cell Biology, Imperial College School of
Medicine at Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 ONN, United
Kingdom, the g LRF Centre for Adult Leukaemia, Department of
Haematology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Imperial College School
of Medicine at Hammersmith's Campus, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom,
and the e Department of Haematological Medicine, Guy's,
King's, St. Thomas' School of Medicine, Rayne Institute, Leukaemia
Sciences, Coldharbour Lane,
London SE5 9NU, United Kingdom
Although it is evident that BCR-ABL
can rescue cytokine-deprived hematopoietic progenitor cells from cell
cycle arrest and apoptosis, the exact mechanism of action of BCR/ABL
and interleukin (IL)-3 to promote proliferation and survival has not
been established. Using the pro-B cell line BaF3 and a BaF3 cell line
stably overexpressing BCR-ABL (BaF3-p210), we investigated the
proliferative signals derived from BCR-ABL and IL-3. The results
indicate that both IL-3 and BCR-ABL target the expression of cyclin Ds
and down-regulation of p27Kip1 to mediate pRB-related
pocket protein phosphorylation, E2F activation, and thus S phase
progression. These findings were further confirmed in a BaF3 cell line
(TonB.210) where the BCR-ABL expression is inducible by doxycyclin and
by using the drug STI571 to inactivate BCR-ABL activity in BaF3-p210.
To establish the functional significance of cyclin D2 and
p27Kip1 expression in response to IL-3 and BCR-ABL
expression, we studied the effects of ectopic expression of cyclin D2
and p27Kip1 on cell proliferation and survival. Our results
demonstrate that both cyclin D2 and p27Kip1 have a role in
BaF3 cell proliferation and survival, as ectopic expression of cyclin
D2 is sufficient to abolish the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced
by IL-3 withdrawal or by BCR-ABL inactivation, while overexpression of
p27Kip1 can cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in the
BaF3 cells. Furthermore, our data also suggest that cyclin D2 functions
upstream of p27Kip1, cyclin E, and cyclin D3, and
therefore, plays an essential part in integrating the signals from IL-3
and BCR-ABL with the pRB/E2F pathway.
BCR-ABL and Interleukin 3 Promote Haematopoietic Cell
Proliferation and Survival through Modulation of Cyclin D2 and
p27Kip1 Expression*
*
The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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