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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 3, 2263-2266, January 19, 2001
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*
From the Sealy Center for Molecular Science, University of Texas
Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-1061
DNA polymerase
(Pol
) functions in
error-free replication of UV-damaged DNA, and in vitro it
efficiently bypasses a cis-syn T-T dimer by incorporating
two adenines opposite the lesion. Steady state kinetic studies have
shown that both yeast and human Pol
are low-fidelity enzymes, and
they misincorporate nucleotides with a frequency of
10
2-10
3 on both
undamaged and T-T dimer-containing DNA templates. To better understand
the role of Pol
in error-free translesion DNA synthesis, here we
examine the ability of Pol
to extend from base mismatches. We find
that both yeast and human Pol
extend from mismatched base pairs with
a frequency of ~10
3 relative to matched
base pairs. In the absence of efficient extension of mismatched primer
termini, the ensuing dissociation of Pol
from DNA may favor the
excision of mismatched nucleotides by a proofreading exonuclease. Thus,
we expect DNA synthesis by Pol
to be more accurate than that
predicted from the fidelity of nucleotide incorporation alone.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Sealy Center for
Molecular Science, University of Texas Medical Branch, 6.104 Medical
Research Bldg., 11th and Mechanic Sts., Galveston, TX 77555-1061. Tel.:
409-747-8601; Fax: 409-747-8608; E-mail: lprakash@scms.utmb.edu.
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