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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M008885200 on April 2, 2001
J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 30, 27855-27863, July 27, 2001
The Triple Threat to Nascent Apolipoprotein B
EVIDENCE FOR MULTIPLE, DISTINCT DEGRADATIVE PATHWAYS*
Edward A.
Fisher §,
Meihui
Pan ,
Xiaoli
Chen ,
Xinye
Wu ,
Hongxing
Wang ¶,
Haris
Jamil ,
Janet D.
Sparks**, and
Kevin Jon
Williams §§
From the Laboratory of Lipoprotein Research, The Zena
and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute and Department of
Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, the
Division of Metabolic Diseases, Bristol Myers Squibb Company,
Princeton, New Jersey 08543, the ** Department of Pathology and
Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine,
Rochester, New York 14642, and the  Dorrance
H. Hamilton Research Laboratories, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes
& Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical
College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
19107
We previously showed that -3 fatty
acids reduce secretion of apolipoprotein B (apoB) from cultured
hepatocytes by stimulating post-translational degradation. In this
report, we now characterize this process, particularly in regard to the
two known processes that degrade newly synthesized apoB, endoplasmic
reticulum (ER)-associated degradation and re-uptake from the
cell surface. First, we found that -3-induced degradation
preferentially reduces the secretion of large, assembled
apoB-lipoprotein particles, and apoB polypeptide length is not a
determinant. Second, based on several experimental approaches,
ER-associated degradation is not involved. Third, re-uptake, the only
process known to destroy fully assembled nascent lipoproteins, was
clearly active in primary hepatocytes, but -3-induced degradation of
apoB continued even when re-uptake was blocked. Cell fractionation
showed that -3 fatty acids induced a striking loss of
apoB100 from the Golgi, while sparing
apoB100 in the ER, indicating a post-ER process. To
determine the signaling involved, we used wortmannin, a
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, which
blocked most, if not all, of the -3 fatty acid effect. Therefore,
nascent apoB is subject to ER-associated degradation, re-uptake, and a
third distinct degradative pathway that appears to target lipoproteins
after considerable assembly and involves a post-ER compartment and PI3K
signaling. Physiologic, pathophysiologic, and pharmacologic regulation
of net apoB secretion may involve alterations in any of these three
degradative steps.
*
These studies were supported in part by National Institutes
of Health Research Grants DK50376 (to J. D. S.), HL58541 and HL22263 (to E. A. F.), and HL58884 and HL38956 (to K. J. W.) and by the American Heart Association (Heritage Affiliate) (to E. A. F.). Portions of this work were presented at the 72nd Scientific Sessions of
the American Heart Association, November, 1999 (1).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
¶
Received salary support from National Institutes of Health
Training Grant T32-HL07824.
§§
Received an Established Investigator Award from the American
Heart Association. To whom correspondence may be addressed: Dept. of
Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolic
Diseases, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University,
Philadelphia, PA 19107. Tel.: 215-503-1272; Fax: 215-923-7932;
E-mail: K_Williams@ac.jci.tju.edu.
§
To whom correspondence may be addressed: Box 1269, Mount Sinai
School of Medicine, 1 Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY 10029. Tel.:
212-241-7152; Fax: 212-828-4178; E-mail: edward.fisher@mssm.edu.
Copyright © 2001 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Copyright © 2001 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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