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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M101723200 on June 12, 2001
J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 32, 30085-30091, August 10, 2001
Distinction between Nitrosating Mechanisms within Human Cells and
Aqueous Solution*
Michael Graham
Espey ,
Katrina M.
Miranda,
Douglas D.
Thomas, and
David A.
Wink
From the Radiation Biology Branch, Division of Clinical Sciences,
NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
The quintessential nitrosating
species produced during NO autoxidation is
N2O3. Nitrosation of amine, thiol, and
hydroxyl residues can modulate critical cell functions. The biological mechanisms that control reactivity of nitrogen oxide species formed during autoxidation of nano- to micromolar levels of NO were examined using the synthetic donor NaEt2NN(O)NO (DEA/NO), human
tumor cells, and 4,5-diaminofluorescein (DAF). Both the disappearance
of NO and formation of nitrosated product from DAF in aerobic aqueous buffer followed second order processes; however, consumption of NO and
nitrosation within intact cells were exponential. An optimal ratio of
DEA/NO and 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazole-1-oxyl 3-oxide (PTIO)
was used to form N2O3 through the intermediacy of NO2. This route was found to be most reflective of the
nitrosative mechanism within intact cells and was distinct from the
process that occurred during autoxidation of NO in aqueous media.
Manipulation of the endogenous scavengers ascorbate and glutathione
indicated that the location, affinity, and concentration of these
substances were key determinants in dictating nitrosative
susceptibility of molecular targets. Taken together, these findings
suggest that the functional effects of nitrosation may be organized to
occur within discrete domains or compartments. Nitrosative stress may develop when scavengers are depleted and this architecture becomes compromised. Although NO2 was not a component of aqueous NO
autoxidation, the results suggest that the intermediacy of this species
may be a significant factor in the advent of either nitrosation or oxidation chemistry in biological systems.
*
The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Radiation Biology
Branch, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10, Rm. B3-B69, Bethesda, MD 20892. Tel.: 301-496-7511; Fax: 301-480-2238; E-mail: sp@nih.gov.
Copyright © 2001 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Copyright © 2001 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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