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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 33, 30964-30970, August 17, 2001
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From the Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Vanderbilt
University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-6602
Neuroprostanes are prostaglandin-like
compounds produced by free radical-induced peroxidation of
docosahexaenoic acid, which is highly enriched in the brain. We
previously described the formation of highly reactive
Formation of Highly Reactive
-Ketoaldehydes (Neuroketals) as
Products of the Neuroprostane Pathway*
-ketoaldehydes
(isoketals) as products of the isoprostane pathway of free
radical-induced peroxidation of arachidonic acid. We therefore explored
whether isoketal-like compounds (neuroketals) are also formed via the
neuroprostane pathway. Utilizing mass spectrometric analyses,
neuroketals were found to be formed in abundance in vitro
during oxidation of docosahexaenoic acid and were formed in greater
abundance than isoketals during co-oxidation of docosahexaenoic and
arachidonic acid. Neuroketals were shown to rapidly adduct to lysine,
forming lactam and Schiff base adducts. Neuroketal lysyl-lactam protein
adducts were detected in nonoxidized rat brain synaptosomes at a level
of 0.09 ng/mg of protein, which increased 19-fold following oxidation
in vitro. Neuroketal lysyl-lactam protein adducts were also
detected in vivo in normal human brain at a level of
9.9 ± 3.7 ng/g of brain tissue. These studies identify a new
class of highly reactive molecules that may participate in the
formation of protein adducts and protein-protein cross-links in
neurodegenerative diseases and contribute to the injurious effects of
other oxidative pathologies in the brain.
*
This work was supported by National Institutes of
Health Grants GM42056, GM15431, CA68485, and DK26657.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of
Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-6602. Tel.: 615-343-1816; Fax: 615-343-9446; E-mail:
jack.roberts@mcmail.vanderbilt.edu.
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