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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 34, 32230-32239, August 24, 2001
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From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of
Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai,
Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
Shigella infects residential
macrophages via the M cell entry, after which the pathogen induces
macrophage cell death. The bacterial strategy of macrophage infection,
however, remains largely speculative. Wild type Shigella
flexneri (YSH6000) invaded macrophages more efficiently than the
noninvasive mutants, where YSH6000 induced large scale lamellipodial
extension including ruffle formation around the bacteria. When
macrophages were infected with the noninvasive ipaC mutant,
the invasiveness and induction of membrane extension were dramatically
reduced as compared with that of YSH6000. J774 macrophages infected
with YSH6000 showed tyrosine phosphorylation of several proteins
including paxillin and c-Cbl, and this pattern was distinctive from
those stimulated by Salmonella typhimurium or phorbol
ester. Upon addition of IpaC into the external medium of macrophages,
membrane extensions were rapidly induced, and this promoted uptake of
Escherichia coli. The exogenously added IpaC was found to
be integrated into the host cell membrane as detected by
immunostaining. The IpaC domain required for the induction of membrane
extension from J774 was narrowed down within the region of residues
117-169, which contains a putative membrane-spanning sequence. Our
data indicate that Shigella directs its own entry into
macrophages, and the IpaC domain which is required for the association
with its host membrane is crucial.
Shigella Invasion of Macrophage
Requires the Insertion of IpaC into the Host Plasma Membrane
FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF IpaC*
*
This work was supported by the Research for the Future
Program of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and by Grant 11770135 from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture of the
Japanese Government.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 81-3-5449-5252;
Fax: 81-3-5449-5405; E-mail: sasakawa@ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Copyright © 2001 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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