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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.R100031200 on June 29, 2001

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 35, 32403-32406, August 31, 2001
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MINIREVIEW
Detergents as Tools in Membrane Biochemistry*

R. Michael GaravitoDagger and Shelagh Ferguson-Miller§

From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1319

Detergents are invaluable tools for studying membrane proteins. However, these deceptively simple, amphipathic molecules exhibit complex behavior when they self-associate and interact with other molecules. The phase behavior and assembled structures of detergents are markedly influenced not only by their unique chemical and physical properties but also by concentration, ionic conditions, and the presence of other lipids and proteins. In this minireview, we discuss the various aggregate forms detergents assume and some misconceptions about their structure. The distinction between detergents and the membrane lipids that they may (or may not) replace is emphasized in the most recent high resolution structures of membrane proteins. Detergents are clearly friends and foes, but with the knowledge of how they work, we can use the increasing variety of detergents to our advantage.

* This minireview will be reprinted in the 2001 Minireview Compendium, which will be available in December, 2001. This is the third article of four in the "Membrane Protein Structural Biology Minireview Series." Some of the work discussed in this minireview was supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grants P01 GM57323 (to R. M. G. and S. F. M.) and HL56773 (to R. M. G.).

This minireview is dedicated to Drs. Jacqueline A. Reynolds and the late Martin Zulauf who gave one of us (R. M. G.) invaluable insights into the behavior of detergents.

Dagger To whom correspondence may be addressed. Tel.: 517-355-9724; Fax: 517-353-9334; E-mail: garavito@msu.edu.

§ To whom correspondence may be addressed. Tel.: 517-355-0199; Fax: 517-353-9334; E-mail: fergus20@msu.edu.

Copyright © 2001 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.


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