The N-terminal and C-terminal Domains of RAP1 Are Dispensable for
Chromatin Opening and GCN4-mediated HIS4 Activation in
Budding Yeast*
Liuning
Yu
,
Nevin
Sabet§,
Alistair
Chambers¶, and
Randall
H.
Morse
§
From the
Department of Biomedical Sciences, State
University of New York at Albany School of Public Health, Albany, New
York 12201-2002, the § Laboratory of Developmental
Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health,
Albany, New York 12201-2002, and the ¶ Division of Genetics,
University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Center, Nottingham NG7 2UH,
United Kingdom
Repressor activator protein 1 (RAP1) assists
GCN4-mediated HIS4 activation by overcoming some repressive
aspect of chromatin structure to facilitate GCN4 binding. RAP1 also
participates in other nuclear processes, and discrete domains of RAP1
have been shown to have specific properties including DNA binding, DNA
bending, transcriptional activation, and silencing and telomere
functions. To investigate whether specific domains of RAP1 are
required to "open" chromatin and help GCN4 to activate the
HIS4 gene, we examined the abilities of different truncated
RAP1 proteins to perturb positioned nucleosomes via a nucleosomal RAP1
site in a yeast episome in vivo, and we tested
HIS4 activation in yeast strains harboring truncated RAP1
mutants. We found that neither the DNA bending domain nor the putative
activation domain of RAP1 is required for its ability to perturb the
chromatin structure of a plasmid containing a RAP1 site. Similarly,
neither the putative activation domain nor the N-terminal DNA-bending
domain was required for GCN4-mediated activation of HIS4.
We also used a rap1ts mutant to show that
continuous occupancy of the HIS4 promoter by RAP1 is
required for GCN4-mediated gene activation.
*
This work was supported by Grant GM51993 from the National
Institutes of Health (to R. H. M.).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
This paper is dedicated to the memory of a good friend, Alan Wolffe.