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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 38, 35707-35713, September 21, 2001
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From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
University of Southern Denmark, Odense University, DK-5230 Odense
M, Denmark
Programmed cell death by the
hok/sok locus of plasmid R1 relies on a
complex translational control mechanism. The highly stable hok mRNA is activated by 3'-end
exonucleolytical processing. Removal of the mRNA 3' end
releases a 5'-end sequence that triggers refolding of the mRNA. The
refolded hok mRNA is translatable but can also bind the
inhibitory Sok antisense RNA. Binding of Sok RNA leads to irreversible
mRNA inactivation by an RNase III-dependent mechanism. A coherent model predicts that during transcription hok
mRNA must be refractory to translation and antisense RNA binding.
Here we provide genetic evidence for the existence of a 5' metastable structure in hok mRNA that locks the nascent transcript
in an inactive configuration in vivo. Consistently, the
metastable structure reduces the rate of Sok RNA binding and completely
blocks hok translation in vitro. Structural
analyses of native RNAs strongly support that the 5' metastable
structure exists in the nascent transcript. Further structural analyses
reveal that the mRNA 3' end triggers refolding of the mRNA 5'
end into the more stable tac-stem conformation. These results
provide a profound understanding of an unusual and intricate
post-transcriptional control mechanism.
Temporal Translational Control by a Metastable RNA Structure*
*
This work was supported by the Center for Interaction,
Structure, Function, and Engineering of Macromolecules of the Danish Biotechnology Program.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 45-65-50-24-13;
Fax: 45-65-50-24-67; E-mail: kgerdes@bmb.sdu.dk.
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