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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M106536200 on September 4, 2001

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 45, 42565-42574, November 9, 2001
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Functional Analyses of Two Alternative Isoforms of the Transcription Factor Pax-5*

Marina Lowen, Gail Scott, and Patty ZwolloDagger

From the Department of Biology, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187

The Pax-5 gene plays a central role in B cell development, activation, and differentiation. At least four different isoforms have been identified, of which isoform Pax-5a has been extensively studied, while functions for alternative isoforms were previously unknown. Here, using a transient transfection system, we provide evidence that alternative isoform Pax-5d acts as a dominant-negative regulator by suppressing activity of Pax-5a in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, co-expression in the presence of alternative isoform Pax-5e causes an increase in Pax-5a activity. Protein studies on Pax-5e using Western blot analysis revealed that this 19-kDa isoform migrates as a 27-kDa species on SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis gels, while a mutant Pax-5e form in which a C-terminal cysteine residue has been mutated, runs at the expected 19 kDa. Using both Western blot and immunoprecipitation assays, we further provide evidence that this size discrepancy may be caused by a tight association between Pax-5e and a thioredoxin-like factor. Comparison of various B cell lines as well as resting and lipopolysaccharide-activated mature B lymphocytes shows that increased B cell proliferation correlates with increased levels of Pax-5e/thioredoxin, whereas increased Pax-5d amounts correlate with inhibition of cell growth. Together, our results suggest that during activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, Pax-5a function is modulated by two alternative spliced isoforms: the dominant negative Pax-5d isoform may mediate inhibition of Pax-5a activity in resting B cells, while alternative isoform Pax-5e associated with thioredoxin may increase Pax-5a activity through an unknown (redox) mechanism.


* This work was supported by Nationa Science Foundation CAREER Award MCB-9874795 (to P. Z.).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Dagger To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Biology, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187. Tel.: 757-221-1969; Fax: 757-221-6483; E-mail: pxzwol@wm.edu.


Copyright © 2001 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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