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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 46, 43065-43073, November 16, 2001
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From the The products of Polycomb group (PcG) genes are
required for the epigenetic repression of a number of important
developmental regulatory genes, including homeotic genes. Enhancer of
zeste (E(Z)) is a Drosophila PcG protein that previously
has been shown to bind directly to another PcG protein, Extra Sex Combs
(ESC), and is present along with ESC in a 600-kDa complex in
Drosophila embryos. Using yeast two-hybrid and in
vitro binding assays, we show that E(Z) binds directly to another
PcG protein, Polycomblike (PCL). PCL·E(Z) interaction
is shown to be mediated by the plant homeodomain (PHD) fingers domain
of PCL, providing evidence that this motif can act as an independent
protein interaction domain. An association was also observed between
PHF1 and EZH2, human homologs of PCL and E(Z), respectively,
demonstrating the evolutionary conservation of this interaction. E(Z)
was found to not interact with the PHD domains of three
Drosophila trithorax group (trxG) proteins, which function
to maintain the transcriptional activity of homeotic genes, providing
evidence for the specificity of the interaction of E(Z) with the PCL
PHD domain. Coimmunoprecipitation and gel filtration experiments
demonstrate in vivo association of PCL with E(Z) and ESC in
Drosophila embryos. We discuss the implications of PCL
association with ESC·E(Z) complexes and the possibility that PCL may
either be a subunit of a subset of ESC·E(Z) complexes or a subunit of
a separate complex that interacts with ESC·E(Z) complexes.
Polycomblike PHD Fingers Mediate Conserved Interaction
with Enhancer of Zeste Protein*
§¶,
,**,,, and§§
Centre for the Molecular Genetics of
Development and Department of Genetics, University of Adelaide,
Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia and the Department of
Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas
75275-0376
*
This work was supported in part by Australian Research
Council grants (to R. S.) and by National Institutes of Health Grant GM46567 (to R. S. J.).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence may be addressed: Center for the
Molecular Genetics of Development and Dept. of Molecular Biosciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide South Australia 5005, Australia. Tel.:
61-8-8303-5563; Fax: 61-8-8303-4399; E-mail:
robert.saint@adelaide. edu.au.
§§
To whom correspondence may be addressed: Dept. of Biological
Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0376. Tel.:
214-768-3810; Fax: 214-768-3955; E-mail: rjones@mail.smu.edu.
Copyright © 2001 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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