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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M107986200 on September 18, 2001

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 47, 43775-43783, November 23, 2001
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NADP-Glutamate Dehydrogenase Isoenzymes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
PURIFICATION, KINETIC PROPERTIES, AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLES*

Alexander DeLunaDagger , Amaranta Avendaño, Lina Riego, and Alicia González§

From the Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-242, México D.F. 04510, México

In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, two NADP+-dependent glutamate dehydrogenases (NADP-GDHs) encoded by GDH1 and GDH3 catalyze the synthesis of glutamate from ammonium and alpha -ketoglutarate. The GDH2-encoded NAD+-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase degrades glutamate producing ammonium and alpha -ketoglutarate. Until very recently, it was considered that only one biosynthetic NADP-GDH was present in S. cerevisiae. This fact hindered understanding the physiological role of each isoenzyme and the mechanisms involved in alpha -ketoglutarate channeling for glutamate biosynthesis. In this study, we purified and characterized the GDH1- and GDH3-encoded NADP-GDHs; they showed different allosteric properties and rates of alpha -ketoglutarate utilization. Analysis of the relative levels of these proteins revealed that the expression of GDH1 and GDH3 is differentially regulated and depends on the nature of the carbon source. Moreover, the physiological study of mutants lacking or overexpressing GDH1 or GDH3 suggested that these genes play nonredundant physiological roles. Our results indicate that the coordinated regulation of GDH1-, GDH3-, and GDH2-encoded enzymes results in glutamate biosynthesis and balanced utilization of alpha -ketoglutarate under fermentative and respiratory conditions. The possible relevance of the duplicated NADP-GDH pathway in the adaptation to facultative metabolism is discussed.

* This work was supported in part by Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Grant IN212898 and by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología Grant 31774.The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Dagger Recipient of a fellowship and a grant (PAEP-102315) from the Dirección General de Estudios de Posgrado, UNAM.

§ To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 52-56225631; Fax: 52-56225630; E-mail: amanjarr@ifisiol.unam.mx.

Copyright © 2001 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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