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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 50, 46729-46736, December 14, 2001

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The Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Locus of the Duck
GENOMIC ORGANIZATION AND EXPRESSION OF D, J, AND C REGION GENES^*

Mats L. Lundqvist, Darlene L. Middleton, Starr Hazard^§, and Gregory W. Warr^¶

From the  Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and ^§ Biomolecular Computing Resource, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425

The region of the duck IgH locus extending from upstream of the proximal diversity (D) segment to downstream of the constant gene cluster has been cloned and mapped. A sequence contig of 48,796 base pairs established that the organization of the genes is D-J_H-µ--. No evidence for a functional homologue (or remnant) of a  gene was found. The  gene is in inverted transcriptional orientation; class switch to IgA expression thus requires inversion of the ~27-kilobase pair region that includes both µ and  genes. The secreted forms of duck  and µ are each encoded by 4 constant region exons, and the hydrophobic C-terminal regions of the membrane receptor forms of  and µ are encoded by one and two transmembrane exons, respectively. Putative switch (S) regions were identified for duck µ and  by comparison with chicken Sµ and S sequences and for duck  by comparison with mouse S. The duck IgH locus is rich in complex variable number tandem repeats, which occupy ~60% of the sequenced region, and occur at a much higher frequency in the IgH locus than in other sequenced regions of the duck genome.

The nucleotide sequence(s) reported in this paper has been submitted to the DDBJ/GenBank^TM/EBI Data Bank with accession number(s) AJ314750, AJ314751, AJ314752, AJ314753, AJ314754, AJ314755, and AJ314756.

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