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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 50, 47291-47295, December 14, 2001
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From the Unité Mixte de Recherche 5018-CNRS, IFR31
Rangueil University Hospital, F-31403 Toulouse Cedex
4, France
Until now, uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) was
considered as unique to brown adipocytes. It supports a highly
regulated uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation that is associated
with diet as well as with non-shivering thermogenesis. Here we report
that UCP1 is not specific to brown adipocytes and can be expressed in
longitudinal smooth muscle layers. In the uterus, this conclusion was
drawn from different convergent data. A specific antibody against mouse UCP1 revealed, in mitochondrial fractions, a protein with the same
molecular weight as brown fat UCP1. Sensitive and specific reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction detected a
mRNA whose sequence was totally homologous to that of brown fat
UCP1 mRNA. Antibody against UCP1 as well as a UCP1 antisense probe specifically stained uterine longitudinal smooth muscles. UCP1 was also
expressed in longitudinal smooth muscle of digestive and male
reproductive tracts but was never expressed in other types of smooth
muscle, including those of arterial vessels. In uterine tract, UCP1
content was increased after cold exposure or
Brown Fat UCP1 Is Specifically Expressed in Uterine Longitudinal
Smooth Muscle Cells*
-adrenergic agonist
treatment. It was also up-regulated during the postovulatory period
after sexual cycle synchronization. Its content transiently increased
during gestation and decreased markedly after birth. These regulations
strongly argue about a role for UCP1 in thermogenesis as well as
in relaxation of longitudinal smooth muscle layers.
*
The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Tel.:
33-5-62-17-08-91; Fax: 33-5-62-17-09-05; E-mail:
casteil@rangueil.inserm.fr.
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