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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M107235200 on October 17, 2001

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 51, 47895-47900, December 21, 2001
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Protein Kinase A Regulates Rac and Is Required for the Growth Factor-stimulated Migration of Carcinoma Cells*

Kathleen L. O'ConnorDagger and Arthur M. Mercurio§

From the Division of Cancer Biology and Angiogenesis, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115

Members of the Rho family of small GTPases, such as Rho and Rac, are required for actin cytoskeletal reorganization during the migration of carcinoma cells. Phosphodiesterases are necessary for this migration because they alleviate cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA)-mediated inhibition of RhoA (O'Connor, K. L., Shaw, L. M., and Mercurio, A. M. (1998) J. Cell Biol. 143, 1749-1760; O'Connor K. L., Nguyen, B.-K., and Mercurio, A. M. (2000), J. Cell Biol. 148, 253-258). In this study, we report that the migration of breast and squamous carcinoma cells toward either lysophosphatidic acid or epidermal growth factor involves not only phosphodiesterase activity but also cooperative signaling from PKA. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Rac1 activation in response to chemoattractant or beta 1 integrin clustering is regulated by PKA and that Rac1 is required for this migration. Also, we find that beta 1 integrin signaling stimulates the rapid and transient activation of PKA. A novel implication of these findings is that carcinoma cell migration is controlled by cAMP-dependent as well as cAMP inhibitory signaling mechanisms.


* This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant CA80789 (to A. M. M.) and United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Grants DAMD17-98-1-8033 (to K. L. O.) and DAMD17-96-1-6199 (to A. M. M.).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Dagger Present address: Dept. of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-0527.

§ To whom correspondence should be addressed: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Dept. of Pathology, Research North, 99 Brookline Ave., Boston, MA 02215. Tel.: 617-667-7714; Fax: 617-975-5531; E-mail: amercuri@caregroup.harvard.edu.


Copyright © 2001 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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