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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M108278200 on October 11, 2001

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 276, Issue 52, 48655-48661, December 28, 2001
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Characterization of Regulatory Elements on the Promoter Region of p16INK4a That Contribute to Overexpression of p16 in Senescent Fibroblasts*

Wei Wang, Junfeng Wu, Zongyu ZhangDagger , and Tanjun Tong

From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Rd., Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16INK4a is implicated in replicative senescence, cell immortalization, and tumor generation. However, the mechanism regulating its overexpression in senescent cells is unknown. We used the enhanced green fluorescent protein reporter system to scan regulatory elements in the upstream region of p16INK4a. The results of 5'-deletion studies indicated that the transcription regulatory elements contributing to overexpression of p16INK4a in senescent cells were located in the region of the p16INK4a promoter from -622 to -280 bp. According to the results of in vitro DNase I footprinting, EMSA, and Southwestern blotting, we found a novel negative regulatory element, the INK4a transcription silence element (ITSE), at -491 to -485 bp of the p16INK4a promoter. A 24-kDa protein that was highly expressed in young cells may inhibit the expression of p16INK4a by interacting with the ITSE. The activity of the p16INK4a promoter increased significantly in young cells when the ITSE was deleted. The GC-rich region of the p16INK4a promoter from -466 to -451 was a positive transcription regulatory element. Deletion of this region showed 91.4% loss of p16INK4a promoter activity in senescent cells, and the promoter activity decreased by 41.2% in young cells comparably.

* This work was supported by special funds for Major State Basic Research Program of China (Grant G2000057001) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 39930170).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Dagger To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 8610-62091454; Fax: 8610-62015582; E-mail: ttjzzy@public.gb.com.cn.

Copyright © 2001 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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