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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M108861200 on October 26, 2001

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 1, 609-617, January 4, 2002
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Vesicular and Non-vesicular Sterol Transport in Living Cells
THE ENDOCYTIC RECYCLING COMPARTMENT IS A MAJOR STEROL STORAGE ORGANELLE*

Mingming HaoDagger §, Sharron X. LinDagger , Ola J. KarylowskiDagger , Daniel WüstnerDagger , Timothy E. McGrawDagger , and Frederick R. MaxfieldDagger

From the Dagger  Department of Biochemistry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021 and the § Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853

We examined the intracellular transport of sterol in living cells using a naturally fluorescent cholesterol analog, dehydroergosterol (DHE), which has been shown to mimic many of the properties of cholesterol. By using DHE loaded on methyl-beta -cyclodextrin, we followed this cholesterol analog in pulse-chase studies. At steady state, DHE co-localizes extensively with transferrin (Tf), a marker for the endocytic recycling compartment (ERC), and redistributes with Tf in cells with altered ERC morphology. Expression of a dominant-negative mutation of an ERC-associated protein, mRme-1 (G429R), results in the slowing of both DHE and Tf receptor return to the cell surface. [3H]Cholesterol is found in the same fraction as 125I-Tf on sucrose density gradients, and this fraction can be specifically shifted to a higher density based on the presence of horseradish peroxidase-conjugated Tf in the same organelle. Whereas vesicular transport of Tf and efflux of DHE from the ERC are entirely blocked in energy-depleted cells, delivery of DHE to the ERC from the plasma membrane is only slightly affected. Biochemical studies performed using [3H]cholesterol show that the energy dependence of cholesterol transport to and from the ERC is similar to DHE transport. We propose that a large portion of intracellular cholesterol is localized in the ERC, and this pool might be important in maintaining cellular cholesterol homeostasis.


* This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants DK27083 (to F. R. M.) and DK57689 (to T. E. M.) and a grant from the Ara Parseghian Medical Research Foundation.The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Biochemistry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 1300 York Ave., New York, NY 10021. Tel.: 212-746-6405; Fax: 212-746-8875; E-mail: frmaxfie@med.cornell.edu.


Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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