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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 1, 702-710, January 4, 2002
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From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa,
Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1109
Although the involvement of the nonvisual
arrestins in the agonist-induced internalization of the human lutropin
receptor (hLHR) has been documented previously with the use of
dominant-negative mutants, a physical association of the nonvisual
arrestins with the hLHR in intact cells has not been established. In
the studies presented herein, we used a
cross-linking/coimmunoprecipitation/immunoblotting approach as well as
confocal microscopy to document the association of the hLHR with the
nonvisual arrestins in co-transfected 293 cells. We also used this
approach to examine the relative importance of receptor activation and
receptor phosphorylation in the formation of this complex. Using hLHR
mutants that impair phosphorylation, activation, or both, we show that
the formation of the hLHR-nonvisual arrestin complex depends mostly
on the agonist-induced activation of the hLHR rather than on the
phosphorylation of the hLHR. These results stand in contrast to those
obtained with several other G protein-coupled receptors
(i.e. the
2-adrenergic receptor, the m2
muscarinic receptor, rhodopsin, and the type 1A angiotensin receptor)
where arrestin binding depends mostly on receptor
phosphorylation rather than on receptor activation. We have also
examined the association of the nonvisual arrestins with naturally
occurring gain-of-function mutations of the hLHR found in boys with
Leydig cell hyperplasia or Leydig cell adenomas. Our results show
that these mutants associate with the nonvisual arrestins in an
agonist-independent fashion.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Pharmacology,
2-319B BSB, 51 Newton Rd., University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
52242-1109. Tel.: 319-335-9907; Fax: 319-335-8930; E-mail: mario-ascoli@uiowa.edu.
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