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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M108155200 on October 5, 2001

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 1, 774-784, January 4, 2002
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Two Different Targeting Signals Direct Human Peroxisomal Membrane Protein 22 to Peroxisomes*

Ute Brosius, Thomas Dehmel, and Jutta GärtnerDagger

From the Department of Pediatrics, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf D-40225, Germany

The 22-kDa peroxisomal membrane protein (PMP22) is a major component of peroxisomal membranes in mammals. Although its precise role in peroxisome function is poorly understood, it seems to be involved in pore forming activity and may contribute to the unspecific permeability of the organelle membrane. PMP22 is synthesized on free cytosolic ribosomes and then directed to the peroxisome membrane by specific targeting information. Previous studies in rats revealed that PMP22 contains one distinct peroxisomal membrane targeting signal in the amino-terminal cytoplasmic tail. We cloned and characterized the targeting signal of human PMP22 and compared it with the already described characteristics of the corresponding rat protein. Amino acid sequence alignment of rat and human protein revealed 77% identity including a high conservation of several protein motifs. We expressed various deletion constructs of PMP22 in fusion with the green fluorescent protein in COS-7 cells and determined their intracellular localization. In contrast to previous studies on rat PMP22 and most other peroxisomal membrane proteins, we showed that human as well as rat PMP22 contains two distinct and nonoverlapping peroxisomal membrane targeting signals, one in the amino-terminal and the other in the carboxyl-terminal protein region. They consist of two transmembrane domains and adjacent protein loops with almost identical basic clusters. Both of these peroxisomal targeting regions interact with PEX19, a factor required for peroxisome membrane synthesis. In addition, we observed that fusing the green fluorescent protein immediately adjacent to the targeting region completely abolishes targeting function and mislocalizes PMP22 to the cytosol.

* This work was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Grant Ga354/3.The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Dagger To whom correspondence should be addressed: Zentrum für Kinderheilkunde, Heinrich Heine-Universität, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. Tel.: 49-211-8117687; Fax: 49-211-8118757; E-mail: gaertnj@uni-duesseldorf.de.

Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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