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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 10, 8658-8666, March 8, 2002
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Colocalizes with Proliferating Cell
Nuclear Antigen and DNA Replication Late, but Not Early, in S
Phase*,
and
From the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Division of
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California,
Berkeley, California 94720-3206
DNA polymerase
(pol
) has been implicated
in DNA replication, DNA repair, and cell cycle control, but its precise
roles are unclear. When the subcellular localization of human pol
was examined by indirect immunofluorescence, pol
appeared in discrete nuclear foci that colocalized with proliferating cell nuclear
antigen (PCNA) foci and sites of DNA synthesis only late in S phase.
Early in S phase, pol
foci were adjacent to PCNA foci. In contrast
to PCNA foci that were only present in S phase, pol
foci were
present throughout mitosis and the G1 phase of cycling cells. It is hypothesized from these observations that pol
and PCNA have separate but associated functions early in S phase and
that pol
participates with PCNA in DNA replication late in S phase.
The on-line version of this article (available at
http://www.jbc.org) contains a supplemental video which
shows a series of confocal planes that progress from the lower to the
uppermost planes of the cells shown in Fig. 5. A mitotic (upper
right) and an S phase (lower left) cell are stained for
pol
p261 (red), BrdUrd (green), and DAPI
(blue).
Current address: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 74-157, Berkeley, CA 94720.
§
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Molecular and
Cell Biology, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 229 Stanley Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3206. Tel.:
510-642-7583; Fax: 510-643-9290; E-mail:
slinn@socrates.berkeley.edu.
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