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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M111213200 on December 28, 2001

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 12, 9800-9805, March 22, 2002
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Increased MMP-2 Expression in Connective Tissue Growth Factor Over-expression Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells*

Wen-Hua FanDagger and Morris J. Karnovsky

From the Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is abundantly expressed in the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) of atherosclerotic lesions but not in normal vessels. CTGF is able to promote VSMC proliferation and migration and influences the composition of extracellular matrix. The mechanisms for controlling these events remain unclear. We studied the effects of CTGF on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by introducing a CTGF over-expression construct into VSMC. We found that the over-expression of CTGF significantly increased the activity of MMP-2 in VSMC conditioned medium. MMP-2 activity was similarly increased by exogenous CTGF treatment, and this effect could be blocked by an anti-CTGF antibody. We also showed that the increased MMP-2 activity was due to an increase in MMP-2 mRNA levels in VSMC. We further studied the mechanisms involved in the regulation of MMP-2 mRNA levels and found that the AP-2 transcription factor is responsible for most of the CTGF-induced MMP-2 transcription. Because MMP-2 is an important factor directly involved in controlling cell movement and the turnover of extracellular matrix, our study may provide a mechanism for CTGF-promoted VSMC migration.

* This work was supported by Grant HL17747 from the NHLBI, National Institutes of Health (Bethesda, MD).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Dagger To whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax: 617-432-2793; E-mail: wenhuafan@hms.harvard.edu.

Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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